Secular aspect of reforms in Orthodox religious academies in the Russian Empire in 1869

1. Entity type Lemma
2. Original titleСвiтський компонент реформ православних духовних академiй 1869 г. В Росiйськiй iмперii.
3. Language term Ukrainian
4. lemma author Asliturk, Miriam
5. lemma category Ecumenism and dialogue > Education - Education, Science and Orthodoxy
6. Publication date 04-01-2017
7. lemma work Мешковая, Світлана Іванівна [Author]. Свiтський компонент реформ православних духовних академiй 1869 г. В Росiйськiй iмперii
8. lemma manifestations Духовна освіта (РПЦ)
9. Keywords Secular education - Religious education - School reform - Russian Empire - Tolstoy, D. A.
10. Url Click Here
11. Citations
    1. <p>Мешковая, Світлана Іванівна (2011). Свiтський компонент реформ православних духовних академiй 1869 г. В Росiйськiй iмпеpii.  <em>Духовна освіта (РПЦ)</em>. Retrieved from: <a href="http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/bitstream/KhPI-Press/14883/1/vestnik_HPI_2011_37_Meshkovaia_Svitskyi.pdf">http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/bitstream/KhPI-Press/14883/1/vestnik_HPI_2011_37_Meshkovaia_Svitskyi.pdf</a> </p>
12. Lemma body

    1. The author points out that very little literature has been written on the Russian Orthodox Church’s (ROC) educational reform of 1867-1869 that laid the foundation for universal secular education in Russia. This reform included several aspects related to religious and secular education. Firstly, it granted the clergy the right to teach non-religious subjects. Indeed, by 1869 religious academies educated church servants in such a way that they could later teach both religious and secular subjects in all types of religious schools. Religious academies were also split into three departments: theology, history of the Church, and functioning of the Church. The curriculum of these academies included three years of mandatory courses (two religious and ten secular) and one year of specialized courses (13 religious and four secular). Secular subjects (such as logics, psychology, metaphysics, history of philosophy, pedagogy, one ancient and one modern language, Russian and World history) were thus more important than the religious ones. Moreover, the history of the Church department had a mandatory course on the theory of literature, which included the history of Russian and Western literature.

       Besides that, the reform of 1869 put sciences, namely physics and mathematics, on the same level as theology. D.A. Tolstoy, then the Ober-Procurator (head of the Most Holy Synod), initiated the reform that prescribed employing secular university graduates to teach scientific subjects at religious schools. Therefore religious schools graduates could eventually enter mathematics and physics department of secular universities. However, secular university graduates were not eager to teach at poorly funded religious schools; and usually these were the badly trained graduates of religious academies who returned to the same establishments and taught science there.